Free tools · Measured from space

Heat in Ward 23, Makhuduthamaga

Summer 2025/26: the ground in Ward 23, Makhuduthamaga reached about 39 °C on clear mornings. That is the ground (roofs, roads, soil), not the air. The 10th hottest of 13 summers since 2014. In summer the ground here reads +2.1 °C against its municipality’s average (since 2014).

Land surface temperature is how hot the ground itself is: roofs, roads, bare soil and leaves, as a satellite sees them from above. Landsat passes at about 10 in the morning and sees only through clear skies. It is not the air temperature a weather station gives: on a sunny day the ground is often 10 to 20 degrees hotter than the air, and hard, dark, dry surfaces heat up most while trees, grass and water stay cooler.

What it is not: not the afternoon peak, not the night, not the air you feel in the shade, and not a reading at any one house. A month with clouds rests on few clear looks.

Summer 2025/26

38.9 °CThe ground, not the airDecember to February, clear mornings
2015/16Hottest summer since 201450.9 °C; the coolest was 2023/24, 37.6 °C
+2.1 °CAgainst its municipalityThe ward’s summers against the municipality’s average, 13 summers since 2014

Every summer since 1987

Each summer (December to February, named by the year it ends) on clear mornings. Bars start at 33 °C, not zero. Darker: Landsat 8 and 9 (from 2014); lighter: Landsat 5 and 7. A gap is a summer seen too little.

Show the numbers

Land surface temperature each summer, 1987 to 2026: every figure
When or what	Figure
Summer 1986 to 87	38.0 °C
Summer 1994 to 95	43.3 °C
Summer 1996 to 97	35.3 °C
Summer 1997 to 98	40.3 °C
Summer 1998 to 99	43.5 °C
Summer 2000 to 01	42.4 °C
Summer 2001 to 02	38.3 °C
Summer 2002 to 03	48.2 °C
Summer 2012 to 13	41.7 °C
Summer 2013 to 14	42.9 °C
Summer 2014 to 15	39.6 °C
Summer 2015 to 16	50.9 °C
Summer 2016 to 17	38.7 °C
Summer 2017 to 18	45.4 °C
Summer 2018 to 19	42.3 °C
Summer 2019 to 20	43.8 °C
Summer 2020 to 21	46.2 °C
Summer 2021 to 22	38.7 °C
Summer 2022 to 23	41.6 °C
Summer 2023 to 24	37.6 °C
Summer 2024 to 25	40.7 °C
Summer 2025 to 26	38.9 °C

The shape of a year

Each month’s average since 2014, clear mornings. Bars start at 23 °C.

Show the numbers

Land surface temperature by calendar month, since 2014: every figure
When or what	Figure
January	40.8 °C
February	41.6 °C
March	36.7 °C
April	32.8 °C
May	29.7 °C
June	25.7 °C
July	26.4 °C
August	32.6 °C
September	40.7 °C
October	45.8 °C
November	43.8 °C
December	43.7 °C

Month by month

Month	Land surface temperature	Clear looks
October 2026	46.9 °C	3.0
September 2026	38.6 °C	1.8
August 2026	30.3 °C	3.8
July 2026	25.2 °C	3.8
June 2026	25.0 °C	3.2
May 2026	26.9 °C	3.6
April 2026	29.6 °C	0.8
March 2026	30.3 °C	0.7
February 2026	39.5 °C	2.5
January 2026	36.4 °C	1.0
December 2025	40.8 °C	1.9
November 2025	41.0 °C	1.1
October 2025	40.5 °C	2.0
September 2025	39.8 °C	2.8
August 2025	28.9 °C	4.0
July 2025	26.1 °C	3.9
June 2025	26.2 °C	2.0
May 2025	26.7 °C	4.0
April 2025	30.1 °C	2.6
March 2025	32.8 °C	1.3
February 2025	38.0 °C	1.2
January 2025	39.1 °C	2.6
December 2024	45.1 °C	1.7
November 2024	50.5 °C	2.0

“Clear looks” is how many times the average 240 m patch of the place was seen through clear sky that month. Under one, part of the place was not seen at all, so the figure leans on the part that was.

Makhuduthamaga and its wards · Every municipality, ranked

Source

Measured from space by the American Landsat satellites: the ground, not the air.

How we worked this out

Landsat 5 to 2011, Landsat 7 to bridge the gaps, Landsat 8 and 9 from 2013: different satellites pass at slightly different times, so compare summers within the same years first.

What we changed: we kept only the clear land cells (no cloud, cloud shadow, snow or water, with a margin round each cloud), read them at 480 m, and averaged them over each 2026 ward each month; larger places are the sums of their wards.

Landsat imagery courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey (Landsat Collection 2 surface temperature, through Digital Earth Africa’s copy).

Dataset: land surface temperature by ward, release of 13 November 2026.